「明明」

带委屈、带不服的中文。

我明明说过了。     I clearly told you.
他明明在家。       He's obviously home.
明明是你错的。     You're the one who's wrong.

明明 = 我看得见 / 摆在那里 / 我没搞错 —— 有点不服气

英文靠 clearly / obviously / definitely + 语气，把这个味做出来。

动手

我明明锁门了。

✅ I definitely locked the door. / I know I locked it.

明明不是我干的。

✅ It clearly wasn't me. / I obviously didn't do it.

你明明答应过我。

✅ You literally promised me. / You did promise me.

他明明听见了。

✅ He definitely heard it.

小卡片

明明（客观摆着）   →  clearly / obviously
明明（我没记错）   →  definitely / literally
明明（强调：真的） →  did / do + 动词

英文的 did / do 放在动词前可以加重语气： You did promise me. = "你明明答应过的！"

——下一课：「不过」和「只是」。